Independence was declared on 1821 but consolidated only after the Battle of Ayacucho, three years later. It was conquered by the Spanish Empire in the 16th-century, who established a Viceroyalty with jurisdiction over most of its South American domains.
Peruvian territory was home to the Norte Chico civilization, one of the oldest in the world, and to the Inca Empire, the largest state in Pre-Columbian America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean.
Peru ( Template:Lang-es, Template:Lang-qu, Template:Lang-ay), officially the Republic of Peru ( Template:Audio-es, Template:IPA2), is a country in western South America. Template:Sprotected Template:Otheruses Template:Infobox Country or territory
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